Forms and Branches of Agriculture (Livestock) Agricultural Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Lesson Plan Presentation

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 5
Age: 11-12 years
Topic: Forms of Agriculture
Sub-topic: Definitions and Explanation of Crop Farming, Horticulture, Livestock Farming, Apiculture, Fishery, and Heliciculture

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define crop farming, horticulture, livestock farming, apiculture, fishery, and heliciculture.
2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each practice.
3. Discuss the economic importance of rearing farm animals.

Keywords: Crop farming, Horticulture, Livestock farming, Apiculture, Fishery, Heliciculture

Set Induction

The teacher shows pictures of different farming systems, including crop farms, bee hives, fish ponds, and snail farms, and asks students to identify what type of farming is depicted in each image.

Entry Behavior
Students have learned about pastoral, arable, and mixed farming.

Learning Resources and Materials

1. Pictures showing different forms of farming like beekeeping, fish farming, and snail farming.
2. Charts with illustrations of crop and livestock farming systems.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Students already understand the basic forms of agriculture and their importance. This lesson will introduce them to specialized forms of farming and their advantages and disadvantages.

Embedded Core Skills

1. Critical thinking
2. Communication
3. Collaboration

Reference Books
Lagos State Scheme of Work for JSS 1 Agricultural Science

Instructional Materials

1. Diagrams of various forms of agriculture (crop farming, apiculture, fishery, etc.).
2. Infographics showing advantages and disadvantages of different farming practices.

Content

Definitions of Each Form of Agriculture

1. Crop Farming
   • Growing crops such as maize, rice, and cassava.
   • Crops are cultivated for food or commercial purposes.
   • Example: A farmer growing maize on a farm.
2. Horticulture
   • The cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants.
   • Focuses on gardening and growing plants for decoration and food.
   • Example: A farmer growing tomatoes and flowers in a garden.
3. Livestock Farming
   • Rearing animals like cows, goats, chickens, and sheep for food, milk, or other products.
   • Example: A farmer raising chickens for meat and eggs.
4. Apiculture
   • The practice of beekeeping for honey and other bee-related products.
   • Example: A beekeeper managing hives to harvest honey.
5. Fishery
   • The farming or capture of fish and other aquatic animals for food.
   • Example: A fish farmer raising tilapia in a pond.
6. Heliciculture
   • The farming of snails for food.
   • Example: A farmer rearing snails in a small enclosure for sale.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Practice

1. Crop Farming
   • Advantages: Provides food and raw materials; can be grown on a large scale.
   • Disadvantages: Affected by weather conditions and pests.
2. Horticulture
   • Advantages: Produces healthy fruits and vegetables; decorative plants improve the environment.
   • Disadvantages: Requires intensive care and monitoring.
3. Livestock Farming
   • Advantages: Provides meat, milk, eggs, and other animal products.
   • Disadvantages: Requires a lot of space and care; animals can be affected by diseases.
4. Apiculture
   • Advantages: Provides honey and beeswax; helps in plant pollination.
   • Disadvantages: Requires skill and knowledge of beekeeping; bees can be dangerous.
5. Fishery
   • Advantages: Produces a good source of protein; can be done in rivers or ponds.
   • Disadvantages: Requires clean water and careful management to avoid fish diseases.
6. Heliciculture
   • Advantages: Provides a delicacy (snails); easy to manage.
   • Disadvantages: Requires special care and a suitable environment for snails to thrive.

Economic Importance of Rearing Farm Animals

1. Provides meat, milk, eggs, honey, and other products for human consumption.
2. Creates employment opportunities for farmers and those in the agricultural industry.
3. Contributes to the economy through the sale and export of livestock products.
4. Enhances the nutrition of the population by providing protein-rich food.
5. Helps improve rural development by supporting farming communities.

Evaluation (Fill-in-the-blank Questions with Options)

1. The farming of plants like maize and rice is called _____.
   a) apiculture
   b) crop farming
   c) fishery
   d) heliciculture
2. The practice of keeping bees for honey is known as _____.
   a) horticulture
   b) apiculture
   c) fishery
   d) livestock farming
3. Raising animals like cows and chickens is called _____.
   a) horticulture
   b) fishery
   c) livestock farming
   d) crop farming
4. The farming of snails is called _____.
   a) fishery
   b) crop farming
   c) apiculture
   d) heliciculture
5. _____ farming involves growing fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
   a) Apiculture
   b) Horticulture
   c) Fishery
   d) Livestock farming
6. One disadvantage of crop farming is _____.
   a) provides food
   b) affected by weather and pests
   c) produces raw materials
   d) none of the above
7. One advantage of livestock farming is _____.
   a) provides meat and eggs
   b) affected by diseases
   c) requires a lot of space
   d) needs special care
8. Raising fish in ponds is an example of _____.
   a) crop farming
   b) horticulture
   c) apiculture
   d) fishery
9. Growing tomatoes and flowers is called _____.
   a) horticulture
   b) apiculture
   c) livestock farming
   d) heliciculture
10. Beekeeping helps with _____.
    a) fish farming
    b) plant pollination
    c) crop farming
    d) livestock rearing

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs)

1. What is crop farming?
   It is the growing of crops like maize and rice.
2. What is apiculture?
   Apiculture is the practice of keeping bees for honey.
3. What is the main focus of horticulture?
   It focuses on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
4. What is livestock farming?
   It is the rearing of animals such as cows, goats, and chickens.
5. What is heliciculture?
   It is the farming of snails.
6. What is fishery?
   It is the farming of fish and other aquatic animals.
7. What are the advantages of livestock farming?
   It provides meat, milk, eggs, and other products.
8. What is one disadvantage of apiculture?
   It requires skill and can be dangerous if not managed properly.
9. Why is horticulture important?
   It produces fruits and vegetables and improves the environment.
10. What is one advantage of heliciculture?
    It is easy to manage and provides a delicacy (snails).

Presentation

• Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic on “Types of Agricultural Practices in Localities.”
• Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic: “Today, we will define different forms of agriculture such as crop farming, horticulture, livestock farming, apiculture, fishery, and heliciculture.”
• Step 3: The teacher allows students to give examples of each form of farming and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each practice.

Teacher’s Activities

• Define and explain the different forms of agriculture.
• Use charts and pictures to demonstrate each type of farming.
• Guide students in identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each farming practice.

Learners’ Activities

• Answer questions about the different forms of agriculture.
• Participate in discussions by sharing examples from their localities.
• Observe and analyze the pictures showing different forms of farming.

Assessment

1. What is the practice of growing crops called?
2. Define apiculture.
3. What type of farming focuses on rearing animals?
4. Mention one disadvantage of horticulture.
5. How does fishery benefit the economy?

Evaluation Questions

1. Define crop farming.
2. What is horticulture?
3. Explain livestock farming.
4. Define apiculture.
5. What is the farming of fish called?
6. Mention two disadvantages of crop farming.
7. Give one example of an animal reared in livestock farming.
8. State two advantages of apiculture.
9. Define heliciculture.
10. Explain the economic importance of livestock farming.

Conclusion

The teacher reviews the key points discussed and assigns students to research further examples of each form of agriculture in their community. The class activity is graded, and necessary corrections are made.

More Useful Links

• Forms of Agriculture: Fishery, Heliculture, Apiculture Agricultural Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6
• Exploring the Parts of a Plant: Roots, Stems, Leaves, and Flowers Agricultural Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 7
• Types of Aquatic and Terrestrial Plants Agricultural Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 8